Animal Models
1. Model of recreational use
Short access self-administration
Limited access (1-2h/day) to alcohol, nicotine or drugs
2. Models of dependence and compulsive use
Long access self-administration
Extended access (6-23h/day) to alcohol, nicotine or drugs
3. Models of dependence
Minipumps, injections, gavage
Extended passive exposure (weeks) to alcohol, nicotine or drugs
Binge/Intoxication
Genetics model of high self-administration
Alcohol preferring rats
Binge/Intoxication
Drug Discrimination
Binge/Intoxication
Conditionned place preference (CPP)
Preference
Binge/Intoxication
Operant intrapulmonary self-administration
Electronic cigarette, nicotine, THC, Alcohol, fentanyl
Binge/Intoxication
Operant oral self-administration, two-bottle choice
Alcohol drinking
Binge/Intoxication
Operant intravenous drug self-administration
Cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine, heroin, oxycodone, morphine
Binge/intoxication
Intracranial Self-Stimulation (ICSS)
Decreased in brain reward threshold
Preoccupation/Anticipation
Context-induced reinstatement
Relapse, craving
Preoccupation/Anticipation
Stress-induced reinstatement
Relapse, craving
Preoccupation/Anticipation
Cue-induced reinstatement
Relapse, craving
Preoccupation/Anticipation
Abstinence Deprivation effect
Relapse, craving
Preoccupation/Anticipation
Drug-induced reinstatement
Relapse, craving
Withdrawal/Negative affect
Conditionned place aversion (CPA)
Aversion
Withdrawal/Negative affect
Intracranial Self-Stimulation (ICSS)
Increased in brain reward threshold
Withdrawal/Negative affect
Mechanical sensitivity
Hyperalgesia, Analgesia
Withdrawal/Negative affect
Elevated Plus Maze, Open Field
Anxiety-like behavior
Withdrawal/Negative affect
Bottle brush test
Irritability-like behavior
Withdrawal/Negative affect
Somatic signs
Physical signs of withdrawal